Technical Engineering Tutorials
Structured 9-step collegiate engineering projects complete with mathematical derivations, hardware BOMs, wiring schematics, firmware implementations, bench testing procedures, and troubleshooting.
Closed-Loop Discrete PID Control & Inverted Pendulum Balancing
Design, derive, and implement a discrete-time PID controller with anti-windup clamping to balance a real-time inverted pendulum.
CAN-Bus 2.0B Telemetry Node with Industrial Sensor Fusion
Construct an automotive-grade CAN-Bus 2.0B communication node transmitting real-time atmospheric telemetry across differential twisted pairs.
Precision Dual-Axis Stepper Motion Controller with S-Curve Acceleration
Engineer a high-speed Cartesian positioning system with silent TMC2209 drivers, trapezoidal velocity planning, and sensorless homing.
IoT Environmental Monitoring Station with OLED & Secure Telemetry
Build a low-power wireless weather node displaying local metrics on an OLED while streaming structured JSON telemetry via MQTT.
Closed-Loop DC Motor Velocity Control with Optical Quadrature Encoder
Harness hardware microcontroller timer encoder modes to decode high-resolution quadrature signals and regulate motor velocity under varying mechanical loads.
Astable 555 Timer & 74HC595 Shift Register Digital Sequencer
Construct a hardware digital clock generator and 8-channel serial-to-parallel shift register sequencer without software or microcontrollers.
Field-Oriented Control (FOC) & Space Vector Modulation for BLDC Motors
Implement vector field-oriented control (FOC) using Clarke and Park transformations with Space Vector PWM (SVPWM) on an ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller.
High-Efficiency Synchronous Buck DC-DC Converter Design
Design, calculate, build, and test a 24V-to-5V 5A synchronous buck converter with 96% efficiency, low ESR output filtering, and closed-loop feedback.
Discrete Kalman Filter IMU Sensor Fusion for Tilt & Orientation
Fuse high-frequency gyroscope angular rates with noisy low-frequency accelerometer tilt angles using a discrete 2-state Kalman filter.
Industrial Modbus RTU Slave Node over Galvanically Isolated RS-485
Build a noise-immune Modbus RTU industrial field node communicating across 1000m twisted-pair cable with CRC-16 error checking and PLC integration.
4th-Order Sallen-Key Active Butterworth Filter for Sensor Anti-Aliasing
Design, simulate, build, and sweep a 4th-order active Butterworth low-pass filter providing -80dB/decade roll-off prior to ADC sampling.
Mobile Robot Differential Odometry with 4X Hardware Quadrature Decoding
Track 2D robot position (x, y, theta) in Cartesian space using dual optical wheel encoders, hardware timer quadrature modes, and Runge-Kutta kinematics integration.
Discrete N-Channel MOSFET H-Bridge with Bootstrap Gate Drive
Construct an all-N-Channel discrete MOSFET H-Bridge capable of driving 24V 20A motors with high-side bootstrap charge-pump gate drive and hardware dead-time.
High-Speed SPI NOR Flash Black-Box Flight Data Logger
Log 100Hz aerospace telemetry frames to an external Winbond W25Q128 16MB SPI Flash chip using DMA double-buffering and wear-leveling.
MPU-6050 Digital Motion Processor (DMP) Quaternion Spatial Tracking
Offload 6-DOF sensor fusion from the MCU CPU by running on-chip Digital Motion Processor (DMP) firmware to stream hardware-fused quaternions at 200 Hz.
Deterministic Multitasking Architecture with FreeRTOS Kernel
Design a hard real-time multitasking firmware architecture on ESP32 / ARM Cortex-M utilizing preemptive priority scheduling, mutexes, and queues.